PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.